Panzer Yellow vs Ivory RLM05

How close are they?

ΔE 12.3, fair: the same colour family, but not a straight swap. Ivory RLM05 is noticeably lighter, cooler than Panzer Yellow.

Can I use Ivory RLM05 instead of Panzer Yellow?

Only where an exact match doesn’t matter, such as a new unit or a highlight. Fair match (ΔE 12). Ivory RLM05 is noticeably lighter, cooler than Panzer Yellow.

Can I use Panzer Yellow instead of Ivory RLM05?

The same difference applies the other way round: Panzer Yellow is noticeably darker, warmer.

ΔE is the colour difference between our two swatch estimates: under about 6 is close, over about 15 is loose. Real paints also differ in finish, coverage and how they thin, so test before you commit.