ΔE 17.8, loose: different enough that you should pick on purpose. Primary Yellow is a little lighter, more saturated, cooler than Dorn Yellow. They are different kinds of paint: Citadel Dorn Yellow is an opaque base/layer paint and Golden Primary Yellow is an ink, glaze or transparent paint, so they won’t behave the same on the model even where the colour is close.
Not as a straight swap; see the closer alternatives below. Loose match (ΔE 18). Primary Yellow is a little lighter, more saturated, cooler than Dorn Yellow. They are different kinds of paint.
The same difference applies the other way round: Dorn Yellow is a little darker, more muted, warmer.
ΔE is the colour difference between our two swatch estimates: under about 6 is close, over about 15 is loose. Real paints also differ in finish, coverage and how they thin, so test before you commit.
See Dorn Yellow on the colour wheel See Primary Yellow on the colour wheel
All matches: Dorn Yellow equivalents · Primary Yellow equivalents