ΔE 8.2, close: similar, with a visible difference side by side. Light Yellow is a little darker, more saturated than Vanilla Yellow.
Usually, if you are not matching paint already on the model. Close match (ΔE 8). Light Yellow is a little darker, more saturated than Vanilla Yellow.
The same difference applies the other way round: Vanilla Yellow is a little lighter, more muted.
ΔE is the colour difference between our two swatch estimates: under about 6 is close, over about 15 is loose. Real paints also differ in finish, coverage and how they thin, so test before you commit.
See Vanilla Yellow on the colour wheel See Light Yellow on the colour wheel
All matches: Vanilla Yellow equivalents · Light Yellow equivalents