ΔE 45.6, loose: different enough that you should pick on purpose. Moon Yellow is noticeably lighter, much more saturated, cooler than Desert Brown.
Not as a straight swap; see the closer alternatives below. Loose match (ΔE 46). Moon Yellow is noticeably lighter, much more saturated, cooler than Desert Brown.
The same difference applies the other way round: Desert Brown is noticeably darker, much more muted, warmer.
ΔE is the colour difference between our two swatch estimates: under about 6 is close, over about 15 is loose. Real paints also differ in finish, coverage and how they thin, so test before you commit.
See Desert Brown on the colour wheel See Moon Yellow on the colour wheel
All matches: Desert Brown equivalents · Moon Yellow equivalents