Phalanx Yellow vs Yellow Flame

How close are they?

ΔE 24.7, loose: different enough that you should pick on purpose. Yellow Flame is a little darker, more muted, warmer than Phalanx Yellow.

Can I use Yellow Flame instead of Phalanx Yellow?

Not as a straight swap; see the closer alternatives below. Loose match (ΔE 25). Yellow Flame is a little darker, more muted, warmer than Phalanx Yellow.

Can I use Phalanx Yellow instead of Yellow Flame?

The same difference applies the other way round: Phalanx Yellow is a little lighter, more saturated, cooler.

ΔE is the colour difference between our two swatch estimates: under about 6 is close, over about 15 is loose. Real paints also differ in finish, coverage and how they thin, so test before you commit.