ΔE 15.3, loose: different enough that you should pick on purpose. Primary Yellow is noticeably lighter, more saturated than Vivid Volt. They are different kinds of paint: Army Painter Vivid Volt is an opaque base/layer paint and Golden Primary Yellow is an ink, glaze or transparent paint, so they won’t behave the same on the model even where the colour is close.
Not as a straight swap; see the closer alternatives below. Loose match (ΔE 15). Primary Yellow is noticeably lighter, more saturated than Vivid Volt. They are different kinds of paint.
The same difference applies the other way round: Vivid Volt is noticeably darker, more muted.
ΔE is the colour difference between our two swatch estimates: under about 6 is close, over about 15 is loose. Real paints also differ in finish, coverage and how they thin, so test before you commit.
See Vivid Volt on the colour wheel See Primary Yellow on the colour wheel
All matches: Vivid Volt equivalents · Primary Yellow equivalents