ΔE 19.7, loose: different enough that you should pick on purpose. Transparent Yellow Iron Oxide is a little darker, much more saturated than Imp Yellow.
Not as a straight swap; see the closer alternatives below. Loose match (ΔE 20). Transparent Yellow Iron Oxide is a little darker, much more saturated than Imp Yellow.
The same difference applies the other way round: Imp Yellow is a little lighter, much more muted.
ΔE is the colour difference between our two swatch estimates: under about 6 is close, over about 15 is loose. Real paints also differ in finish, coverage and how they thin, so test before you commit.
See Imp Yellow on the colour wheel See Transparent Yellow Iron Oxide on the colour wheel
All matches: Imp Yellow equivalents · Transparent Yellow Iron Oxide equivalents