Desert Yellow vs Poison Green

How close are they?

ΔE 15.7, loose: different enough that you should pick on purpose. Poison Green is noticeably darker, cooler than Desert Yellow.

Can I use Poison Green instead of Desert Yellow?

Not as a straight swap; see the closer alternatives below. Loose match (ΔE 16). Poison Green is noticeably darker, cooler than Desert Yellow.

Can I use Desert Yellow instead of Poison Green?

The same difference applies the other way round: Desert Yellow is noticeably lighter, warmer.

ΔE is the colour difference between our two swatch estimates: under about 6 is close, over about 15 is loose. Real paints also differ in finish, coverage and how they thin, so test before you commit.