ΔE 9.6, close: similar, with a visible difference side by side. Transparent Brown Iron Oxide is a little lighter than Barren Yellow. They are different kinds of paint: Army Painter Barren Yellow is an opaque base/layer paint and Golden Transparent Brown Iron Oxide is an ink, glaze or transparent paint, so they won’t behave the same on the model even where the colour is close.
Usually, if you are not matching paint already on the model. Close match (ΔE 10). Transparent Brown Iron Oxide is a little lighter than Barren Yellow. They are different kinds of paint.
The same difference applies the other way round: Barren Yellow is a little darker.
ΔE is the colour difference between our two swatch estimates: under about 6 is close, over about 15 is loose. Real paints also differ in finish, coverage and how they thin, so test before you commit.
See Barren Yellow on the colour wheel See Transparent Brown Iron Oxide on the colour wheel
All matches: Barren Yellow equivalents · Transparent Brown Iron Oxide equivalents