ΔE 10.1, fair: the same colour family, but not a straight swap. Uniform Grey is a little lighter, more saturated than Ash Black. They are different kinds of paint: AMMO by Mig Ash Black is an ink, glaze or transparent paint and Army Painter Uniform Grey is an opaque base/layer paint, so they won’t behave the same on the model even where the colour is close.
Only where an exact match doesn’t matter, such as a new unit or a highlight. Fair match (ΔE 10). Uniform Grey is a little lighter, more saturated than Ash Black. They are different kinds of paint.
The same difference applies the other way round: Ash Black is a little darker, more muted.
ΔE is the colour difference between our two swatch estimates: under about 6 is close, over about 15 is loose. Real paints also differ in finish, coverage and how they thin, so test before you commit.
See Ash Black on the colour wheel See Uniform Grey on the colour wheel
All matches: Ash Black equivalents · Uniform Grey equivalents